Linux for Beginners
Introduction to Linux
a powerful and flexible operating system
offers flexibility, security, and a vast ecosystem of software and applications
powers a wide range of devices, from smartphones to servers
developed by Linus Torvalds in 1991
What is Linux
open-source operating system
developers worldwide collaborate, improve, and customize the OS
Key Features
stability
security
customizable
compatibility
performance
Who Uses Linux
internet and tech giants
scientific research
financial institutions
government agencies
education
Linux Distributions
popular versions
Ubuntu (most popular)
Fedora
Debian
Linux Mint
etc.
What is the Terminal
aka the Command Line Interface (CLI)
allows the user to interact the OS by using commands
datewill give the current date and time in the terminal
provides a way to execute commands, navigate the file system, manage applications without the need for the Graphical User Interface (GUI)
Other Terminals
MacOS
Built-in Terminal
iTerm
Windows
CMD
The Shell
What is the Shell?
a program for interacting with the OS
an application that allows users to input commands to the shell and receive text-based outputs from the shell's operation
Shells
Bash (Bourne-Again Shell)
one of the most widely used shells
it is the default shell on many linux distributions
known for its scripting capabilities and extensive support
ZSH (Z Shell)
higly customizable
offers advanced features like auto-complete, spelling correction, and a powerful plugin system
Fish (Friendly Interactive Shell)
designed to be user friendly with syntax highlighting, auto-suggestions, and a focus on ease of use for interactive sessions
Many others
cat /etc/shells: list system available shells